In the context that the metal surface treatment industry is under increasing pressure from environmental standards and green production requirements, the transition from traditional Chromium-containing processing technology to more friendly solutions is becoming an inevitable trend. However, besides the problem of eliminating hexavalent chromium (Cr⁶⁺), the current market also witnesses the parallel emergence of two technological directions: solutions containing trivalent chromium (Cr³⁺) and completely non-chromium (Chrome-free) solutions. The focus on Chromium 3+ technology is essential for modern applications. Chromium 3+ is becoming increasingly recognized as a viable option.
The difference between these two technologies is not only in the chemical composition but also directly affects the effectiveness of surface protection, processing flexibility and the sustainable development orientation of the business.
Cr³⁺ & chromium-free technology: The difference lies in the development strategy
Understanding Chromium 3+ and chromium-free technology: The difference lies in the development strategy
This innovative approach harnesses the benefits of Chromium 3+ while minimizing environmental impact, making it a key consideration for businesses committed to sustainable practices.
For many years, Chromium-based surface treatment technology has been highly appreciated for its effective corrosion resistance. As Cr⁶⁺ is gradually restricted due to its toxic element and strict environmental regulations, Cr³⁺ emerges as a safer alternative but retains much of its technical advantages.
Cr³⁺ technology now offers many benefits such as:
- High corrosion resistance.
- Increase the adhesion of the coating.
- Improve surface forming and lubrication.
- Good fingerprint resistance.
However, despite being considered a “greener” solution than Cr⁶⁺, Cr³⁺ still belongs to the Chromium compound group. This has led many businesses, especially in Europe and high-end export markets, to continue to move towards completely chromium-free solutions.
In industries focused on sustainability, the choice of Chromium 3+ over traditional methods can significantly influence product quality and environmental compliance.
Meanwhile, Chrome-free technology uses other chemical substrates such as phosphates or advanced organic compounds to create a protective layer without any Chromium components. This trend is more in line with sustainable development strategies and increasingly stringent environmental requirements.

The PRIMECOAT® Z838 – 4P and PRIMECOAT® Z908 VH – stand out for their two new solution approaches.
In ADCoilCoating’s (Netherlands) portfolio of surface treatment solutions, PRIMECOAT® Z838 – 4P and PRIMECOAT® Z908 VH represent two distinct technological directions.
Companies are increasingly exploring the advantages of Chromium 3+ technology as a part of their long-term sustainability strategies.
PRIMECOAT® Z838 – 4P: Versatile Cr³⁺ Solution
PRIMECOAT® Z838 – 4P is a product line that applies Cr³⁺ technology, does not contain Cr⁶⁺ and fluoride, developed to optimize the performance of galvanized steel, cold rolled steel and ZAM materials.
One of the outstanding advantages of the product is the ability to operate flexibly according to the coverage level:
- At low coating level: acts as a passivation layer, helping to increase paint adhesion and improve the stamping and forming process.
- At high coating levels: converts to a thin organic coating (TOC), increasing lubrication and resisting fingerprints.
In addition, the product also offers:
- Reduce friction during forming.
- High fingerprint resistance.
- Good stability in contact with alkaline cleaning solutions.
- Supports efficient dry machining.
Thanks to this versatility, the Z838 is suitable for production lines that need to optimize multiple stages with a single solution.
PRIMECOAT® Z908 VH: Towards a Chromium-Free Future
Adopting solutions that leverage Chromium 3+ can result in enhanced performance without the drawbacks associated with hexavalent chromium.
Unlike the Z838, PRIMECOAT® Z908 VH uses completely chromium-free phosphate technology, which was developed as an alternative to both the passivated layer and the traditional thin organic coating.
The notable point of the Z908 VH lies in its environmental orientation and aesthetics:
With the rising popularity of Chromium 3+, manufacturers can meet both performance and regulatory demands.
- Does not contain any Chromium components.
- Traditional TOC and passive layer can be replaced.
- Ensure surface uniformity even in thick coatings.
- Suitable for a wide range of material platforms such as galvanized steel (Z), ZM, Galvalume (GA), Aluzinc (AZ) and electroplated steel (EG).
With the trend of supply chain globalization and the increasing popularity of ESG requirements, solutions such as the Z908 VH are considered to have great potential in the long term.
Embracing Chromium 3+ technology is not just a trend but a strategic move for businesses aiming to enhance their market position.
Comparison of PRIMECOAT® Z838 – 4P and PRIMECOAT® Z908 VH

Future trends: Not just performance, but also environmental responsibility
The metal surface treatment market is shifting from a mere technical efficiency story to a problem of balancing performance, cost and sustainability. If Cr³⁺ technology such as PRIMECOAT® Z838 – 4P continues to hold the advantage of machining flexibility and performance, Chrome-free solutions such as PRIMECOAT® Z908 VH are gradually becoming a strategic choice for businesses that aim to green production and meet international standards in the future.
As the industry evolves, Chromium 3+ solutions are expected to play a pivotal role in the future of metal treatment.
The competition between the two technologies is no longer a question of “which is better”, but is turning into “which solution is more suitable for the development orientation of the business”.
DK CHEMICALS & ADCoilCoating (Netherlands) – COMPREHENSIVE METAL SURFACE TREATMENT CHEMICAL SOLUTIONS
ADCoilCoating (Netherlands) is one of the pioneers in Europe for chromium-6+-free metal surface treatment solutions. With years of experience and a reputable market position, ADCoilCoating (Netherlands) is a reliable partner for surface treatment solutions in various industries.
ADCoilCoating (Netherlands) continues to lead the way with innovative Chromium 3+ solutions that align with global sustainability goals.
In Vietnam, DK-Chemicals is the distributor/technical partner of ADCoilCoating (Netherlands), with the mission of bringing leading European brands in metal surface treatment chemicals and comprehensive, safe solutions to the Vietnamese market.
With a focus on quality, optimized efficiency, and in-depth technical support, DK Chemicals not only provides products but also partners with businesses in improving metal surface quality, extending product lifespan, and optimizing production costs.
DK Chemicals aims to become a reputable provider of metal surface treatment chemical solutions, meeting modern industrial standards and the sustainable development trends of the market.
By integrating Chromium 3+ into their offerings, DK Chemicals aims to set a benchmark in the metal surface treatment industry.
Explore Some Surface Treatment Chemicals Here: https://dk-chemicals.vn/
Explore Some of Our Other Products Here: https://dk-metalsurfacetreatment.com/san-pham-cong-ty-tnhh-hoa-chat-d-k/
